Alona

Hanna · **The Top 10 U.S. Cities with the Most Green Buildings**

Every decently sized company with a PR team can claim to be going green these days. But how do you separate those who simply hang out an Earth Flag once a year to those who make real commitments in their daily activities? One good way is by looking at their physical facilities, since commercial and industrial buildings in the U.S. are responsible for about 45% of the country's greenhouse gas emissions and 50% of energy use.

America's 4.8 million commercial buildings and 350,000 industrial facilities expend $107.9 billion and $94.4 billion a year on energy costs, according to the EPA's Energy Star program. Yet an estimated 30% of that cost – enormous as it is – is actually wasted due to inefficient technologies. What's more, according to Energy Star, if the energy efficiency of our commercial and industrial buildings was boosted by an attainable 10% across the board, that would result in reduction of greenhouse gases equivalent to taking 30 million vehicles off our roads (or about as many cars and trucks as are registered in Illinois, New York, Texas and Ohio combined).

How do you make sure a green building is really greener? One convenient way is third party certification. The gold standard has been the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program from the U.S. Green Building Council. Another one increasingly gaining familiarity is the EPA's Energy Star label program, which was extended from appliances and electronics to whole structures fairly recently.

According to the EPA, the number of Energy Star-qualified buildings across the U.S. has soared by more than 130% from 2007. What does that really mean? Energy Star buildings use 35% less energy than average buildings and emit 35% less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Of course, it is important to remember that energy use and emissions are not the only factors to consider when asking if a building is green. There are also issues of indoor air quality, water conservation, recycled content, habitat protection, access to transportation, support for bicycles and hybrid vehicles, and impact on local wildlife (no glass walls of death!). Still, energy use is a major consideration.

In 2008, more than 3,300 commercial buildings and manufacturing plants earned Energy Star. These structures saved more than $1.1 billion in energy costs and reduced more than 7 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions in 2008 -- equal to the emissions created in powering more than 1 million homes for a year. There are now more than 6,200 Energy Star-qualified buildings and plants throughout the U.S., which have saved $1.7 billion in energy costs and reduced more than 13 million metric tons in greenhouse gas emissions annually, equivalent to the emissions associated with the electricity use of more than 1.8 million homes a year.

The top ten city rankings based on the number of Energy Star-qualified buildings in 2008 are:

1) Los Angeles, CA
2) San Francisco, CA
3) Houston, TX
4) Washington D.C.
5) Dallas-Fort Worth, TX
6) Chicago, IL
7) Denver, CO
8) Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN
9) Atlanta, GA
10) Seattle, WA

Top 10 Green-Tech Breakthroughs of 2008

Wired Magazine has come up with a list of what it thinks were the top ten green-technology breakthroughs of last year. The list includes advances in solar power from companies such as BrightSource, Ausra, and Nanosolar; actual pilot projects involving Shai Agassi’s Better Place replaceable electric car battery idea; and a demonstration site for making cement from CO2 left over from power generation. Perhaps just as significant but less acknowledged (number four on Wired’s list) is the selection of Steven Chu, a Nobel-prize winning physicist (detailed autobiography here), to head the Department of Energy. While at Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Chu was focused on alternative-energy. In addition, he often speaks candidly about the dangers of climate change. Having such an advocate for clean technology in the White House is especially important given that the world economy has fallen into recession and the price of oil has dropped, if only for the short-term. When energy prices drop, investments in alternative or clean technology aren’t as attractive. In the absence of other incentives, development, research, and production of new technology will slow dramatically. There was an oil shock in the 1970’s that forced us to move to smaller, more efficient cars and opened the door to innovation. Yet we ended up with a return to cheap gas and a love affair with SUVs. Let’s hope Secretary Chu can help us avoid falling into the same pattern this time around.

The Top 10 Green-Tech Breakthroughs of 2008

By Alexis Madrigal

December 29, 2008 | 2:29:56 PMCategories: Chemistry, Clean Tech, Climate, Energy, Engineering, Environment, Geology, Science, Survival, Sustainability

Green technology was hot in 2008. Barack Obama won the presidential election promising green jobs to Rust Belt workers. Investors poured $5 billion into the sector just through the first nine months of the year. And even Texas oilmen like T. Boone Pickens started pushing alternative energy as a replacement for fossil fuels like petroleum, coal and natural gas.

But there's trouble on the horizon. The economy is hovering somewhere between catatonic and hebephrenic, and funding for the big plans that green tech companies laid in 2008 might be a lot harder to come by in 2009. Recessions haven't always been the best times for environmentally friendly technologies as consumers and corporations cut discretionary spending on ethical premiums.

Still, green technology and its attendant infrastructure are probably the best bet to drag the American economy out of the doldrums. So, with the optimism endemic to the Silicon Valley region, we present you with the Top 10 Green Tech Breakthroughs of 2008, alternatively titled, The Great Green Hope.

10. THE ISLAND OF THE SOLAR

With money flowing like milk and honey in the land of solar technology, all sorts of schemers and dreamers came streaming into the area. One Swiss researcher, Thomas Hinderling, wants to build solar islands several miles across that he claims can produce hundreds of megawatts of relatively inexpensive power. Though most clean tech advocates question the workability of the scheme, earlier this year, Hinderling's company Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique received $5 million from the Ras al Khaimah emirate of the United Arab Emirates to start construction on a prototype facility, shown above, in that country. (Image: Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique)

9. NEW MATERIALS CAGE CARBON

Carbon capture and sequestration has a seductively simple appeal: We generate carbon dioxide emissions by burning geology — coal and oil — so to fix the problem, we should simply capture it and inject it back into the ground.

It turns out, however, that it's not quite so simple. Aside from finding the right kind of empty spaces in the earth's crust and the risks that the CO2 might leak, the biggest problem with the scheme is finding a material that could selectively snatch the molecule out of the hot mess of gases going up the flues of fossil fuel plants.

That's where two classes of special cage-like molecules come into play, ZIFs and amines. This year, Omar Yaghi, a chemist at UCLA, announced a slough of new CO2-capturing ZIFs and Chris Jones, a chemical engineer at Georgia Tech, reported that he'd made a new amine that seems particularly well-suited to working under real-world condition. Both materials could eventually make capturing CO2 easier -- and therefore, more cost effective.

Perhaps better still, Yaghi's lab's technique also defined a new process for quickly creating new ZIFs with the properties that scientists — and coal-plant operators — want. Some of their crystals are shown in the image above. (Image: Omar Yaghi and Rahul Banerjee/UCLA)

8. GREEN TECH LEGISLATION GETS REAL

On the federal and state levels, several historic actions put the teeth into green tech bills passed over the last few years. A review committee of the EPA effectively froze coal plant construction, a boon to alternative energy (though earlier this month the EPA ignored the committee's ruling and it is unclear how the issue will be settled). In California, the state unveiled and approved its plan to regulate carbon dioxide emissions, which could be a model for a nationwide system. Combined with the green-energy tax credits in the $700-billion bailout bill, the government did more for green tech in 2008 than in whole decades in the past.

7. THE CATALYST THAT COULD ENABLE SOLAR

In July, MIT chemist Daniel Nocera announced that he'd created a catalyst that could drop the cost of extracting the hydrogen and oxygen from water.

Combined with cheap photovoltaic solar panels (like Nanosolar's), the system could lead to inexpensive, simple systems that use water to store the energy from sunlight. In the process, the scientists may have cleared the major roadblock on the long road to fossil fuel independence: Reducing the on-again, off-again nature of many renewable power sources.

"You've made your house into a fuel station," Daniel Nocera, a chemistry professor at MIT told Wired.com. "I've gotten rid of all the goddamn grids."

The catalyst enables the electrolysis system to function efficiently at room temperature and at ordinary pressure. Like a reverse fuel cell, it splits water into oxygen and hydrogen. By recombining the molecules with a standard fuel cell, the O2 and H2 could then be used to generate energy on demand.

6. PICKENS PLAN PUSHES POWER PLAYS INTO AMERICAN MAINSTREAM

Texas oilman T. Boone Pickens might be a lot of things, but environmentalist he is not. That's why his support for a nationwide network of wind farms generated so much excitement. While his solution for transportation, natural gas vehicles, may not pan out, his Pickens Plan is the most visible alternative energy plan out there and it began to channel support from outside coastal cities for finding new sources of energy.

Of course, no one said Pickens is stupid. If his plan was adopted and major investments in transmission infrastructure were made, his wind energy investments would stand to benefit.

5. SOLAR THERMAL PLANTS RETURN TO THE DESERTS

When most people think of harnessing the sun's power, they imagine a solar photovoltatic panel, which directly converts light from the sun into electricity. But an older technology emerged as a leading city-scale power technology in 2008: solar thermal. Companies like Ausra, BrightSource, eSolar, Solel, and a host of others are using sunlight-reflecting mirrors to turn liquids into steam, which can drive a turbine in the same way that coal-fired power plants make electricity.

Two companies, BrightSource and Ausra, debuted their pilot plants. They mark the first serious solar thermal experimentation in the United States since the 1980s. BrightSource's Israeli demo plant is shown above. (Image: BrightSource)

4. OBAMA PICKS A GREEN TECH EXPERT TO HEAD DOE

President-elect Barack Obama ran on the promise of green jobs and an economic stimulus package that would provide support for scientific innovation. Then, Obama picked Steven Chu, a Nobel-prize winning physicist, to head the Department of Energy. Chu had been focused on turning Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory into an alternative-energy powerhouse. The green tech community rejoiced that one of their own would be in the White House.

That's because green tech is going to need some help. With the world economy falling into recession, the price of oil has dropped, even though there are serious concerns about the long-term oil supply. When energy prices drop, clean tech investments don't seem quite as attractive, and the renascent industry could be in trouble. It's happened before, after all.

Back in the '70s, geopolitical events sent the price of oil soaring, which, as it tends to, created a boom in green tech. But the early 1980s saw the worst recession since the Depression. Sound familiar? In the poor economic climate, focus and funds were shifted away from green tech. The last nail in the coffin was the election of Ronald Reagan, who immediately pulled off the solar panels Jimmy Carter had placed on the White House. The green tech industry collapsed.

History has given U.S. alternative energy research a second chance and environmental advocates hope that a different president will lead to a very different result. (Image: DOE)

3. SOLAR CELL PRODUCTION GETS BIG, GIGA(WATT)BIG

Every clean tech advocate's dream is a power-generating technology that could compete head-to-head with coal, the cheapest fossil fuel, on price alone. Nanosolar, one of a new generation of companies building solar panels out of cheap plastics, could be the first company to get there. Early this year, the company officially opened its one-gigawatt production facility, which is many times the size of most previous solar facilities.

Nanosolar, in other words, has found a process that can scale: it works as well in production as it does in the lab. That's the main reason that the company has picked up half-a-billion dollars in funding from investors like MDV's Erik Straser.

"[It's the] first time in industry a single tool with a 1GW throughput," Straser wrote in an e-mail. "It's a key part of how the company is achieving grid parity with coal."

2. PROJECT BETTER PLACE FINDS HOMES
Green technologies are dime a dozen, but a business model that could allow an entirely new, green infrastructure to be built is a rare thing.

Doing just that is the centerpiece of ~~Sun Microsystems'~~ SAP veteran Shai Agassi's vision for Project Better Place, a scheme that would distribute charging and swappable battery stations throughout smallish geographies like Israel, Hawaii and San Francisco. So far, there's very little steel in the ground, but in early December, the company's first charging location opened in Tel Aviv, Israel. Agassi's plan is one of several projects — like new biofuels rail terminals — that could create fundamentally new energy ecosystems.

Some of these systems, however, are actually throwbacks to earlier eras. As Peter Shulman, a historian of technology at Case Western Reserve University, likes to remind his students: in the early 20th century, before the Model T, one-third of all cars were electric. (Image: Joe Puglies/WIRED)

1. CALERA'S GREEN CEMENT DEMO PLANT OPENS

Cement? With all the whiz bang technologies in green technology, cement seems like an odd pick for our top clean technology of the year. But here's the reason: making cement — and many other materials — takes a lot of heat and that heat comes from fossil fuels.

Calera's technology, like that of many green chemistry companies, works more like Jell-O setting. By employing catalysis instead of heat, it reduces the energy cost per ton of cement. And in this process, CO2 is an input, not an output. So, instead of producing a ton of carbon dioxide per ton of cement made — as is the case with old-school Portland cement — half a ton of carbon dioxide can be sequestered.

With more than 2.3 billion tons of cement produced each year, reversing the carbon-balance of the world's cement would be a solution that's the scale of the world's climate change problem.

notebook

A netbook (a portmanteau of Internet and notebook) is a class of laptop computer designed for wireless communication and access to the Internet.^[1]

Primarily designed for web browsing and e-mailing, netbooks rely heavily on the Internet for remote access to web-based applications"^[2] and are targeted increasingly at cloud computing users who require a less powerful client computer.^[3] Netbooks typically run either Linux or Windows XP operating systems^[2] rather than more resource-intensive operating systems like Windows Vista.^[4] The devices range in size from below 5 inches^[5] to over 13,^[6] typically weigh 2 to 3 pounds (~1 kg) and are often significantly cheaper than general purpose laptops.^[2]

The Top 10 U.S. Cities with the Most Green Buildings
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Every decently sized company with a PR team can claim to be going green these days. But how do you separate those who simply hang out an Earth Flag once a year to those who make real commitments in their daily activities? One good way is by looking at their physical facilities, since commercial and industrial buildings in the U.S. are responsible for about 45% of the country's greenhouse gas emissions and 50% of energy use. America's 4.8 million commercial buildings and 350,000 industrial facilities expend $107.9 billion and $94.4 billion a year on energy costs, according to the EPA's Energy Star program. Yet an estimated 30% of that cost – enormous as it is – is actually wasted due to inefficient technologies. What's more, according to Energy Star, if the energy efficiency of our commercial and industrial buildings was boosted by an attainable 10% across the board, that would result in reduction of greenhouse gases equivalent to taking 30 million vehicles off our roads (or about as many cars and trucks as are registered in Illinois, New York, Texas and Ohio combined). How do you make sure a green building is really greener? One convenient way is third party certification. The gold standard has been the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program from the U.S. Green Building Council. Another one increasingly gaining familiarity is the EPA's Energy Star label program, which was extended from appliances and electronics to whole structures fairly recently. According to the EPA, the number of Energy Star-qualified buildings across the U.S. has soared by more than 130% from 2007. What does that really mean? Energy Star buildings use 35% less energy than average buildings and emit 35% less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Of course, it is important to remember that energy use and emissions are not the only factors to consider when asking if a building is green. There are also issues of indoor air quality, water conservation, recycled content, habitat protection, access to transportation, support for bicycles and hybrid vehicles, and impact on local wildlife (no glass walls of death!). Still, energy use is a major consideration. In 2008, more than 3,300 commercial buildings and manufacturing plants earned Energy Star. These structures saved more than $1.1 billion in energy costs and reduced more than 7 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions in 2008 -- equal to the emissions created in powering more than 1 million homes for a year. There are now more than 6,200 Energy Star-qualified buildings and plants throughout the U.S., which have saved $1.7 billion in energy costs and reduced more than 13 million metric tons in greenhouse gas emissions annually, equivalent to the emissions associated with the electricity use of more than 1.8 million homes a year. The top ten city rankings based on the number of Energy Star-qualified buildings in 2008 are: 1) Los Angeles, CA 2) San Francisco, CA 3) Houston, TX 4) Washington D.C. 5) Dallas-Fort Worth, TX 6) Chicago, IL 7) Denver, CO 8) Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 9) Atlanta, GA 10) Seattle, WA Top 10 Green-Tech Breakthroughs of 2008 Wired Magazine has come up with a list of what it thinks were the top ten green-technology breakthroughs of last year. The list includes advances in solar power from companies such as BrightSource, Ausra, and Nanosolar; actual pilot projects involving Shai Agassi’s Better Place replaceable electric car battery idea; and a demonstration site for making cement from CO2 left over from power generation. Perhaps just as significant but less acknowledged (number four on Wired’s list) is the selection of Steven Chu, a Nobel-prize winning physicist (detailed autobiography here), to head the Department of Energy. While at Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Chu was focused on alternative-energy. In addition, he often speaks candidly about the dangers of climate change. Having such an advocate for clean technology in the White House is especially important given that the world economy has fallen into recession and the price of oil has dropped, if only for the short-term. When energy prices drop, investments in alternative or clean technology aren’t as attractive. In the absence of other incentives, development, research, and production of new technology will slow dramatically. There was an oil shock in the 1970’s that forced us to move to smaller, more efficient cars and opened the door to innovation. Yet we ended up with a return to cheap gas and a love affair with SUVs. Let’s hope Secretary Chu can help us avoid falling into the same pattern this time around. Click here to cancel reply. The Top 10 Green-Tech Breakthroughs of 2008 By Alexis Madrigal December 29, 2008 \| 2:29:56 PMCategories: Chemistry, Clean Tech, Climate, Energy, Engineering, Environment, Geology, Science, Survival, Sustainability Green technology was hot in 2008. Barack Obama won the presidential election promising green jobs to Rust Belt workers. Investors poured $5 billion into the sector just through the first nine months of the year. And even Texas oilmen like T. Boone Pickens started pushing alternative energy as a replacement for fossil fuels like petroleum, coal and natural gas. But there's trouble on the horizon. The economy is hovering somewhere between catatonic and hebephrenic, and funding for the big plans that green tech companies laid in 2008 might be a lot harder to come by in 2009. Recessions haven't always been the best times for environmentally friendly technologies as consumers and corporations cut discretionary spending on ethical premiums. Still, green technology and its attendant infrastructure are probably the best bet to drag the American economy out of the doldrums. So, with the optimism endemic to the Silicon Valley region, we present you with the Top 10 Green Tech Breakthroughs of 2008, alternatively titled, The Great Green Hope. 10. THE ISLAND OF THE SOLAR With money flowing like milk and honey in the land of solar technology, all sorts of schemers and dreamers came streaming into the area. One Swiss researcher, Thomas Hinderling, wants to build solar islands several miles across that he claims can produce hundreds of megawatts of relatively inexpensive power. Though most clean tech advocates question the workability of the scheme, earlier this year, Hinderling's company Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique received $5 million from the Ras al Khaimah emirate of the United Arab Emirates to start construction on a prototype facility, shown above, in that country. (Image: Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique) 9. NEW MATERIALS CAGE CARBON Carbon capture and sequestration has a seductively simple appeal: We generate carbon dioxide emissions by burning geology — coal and oil — so to fix the problem, we should simply capture it and inject it back into the ground. It turns out, however, that it's not quite so simple. Aside from finding the right kind of empty spaces in the earth's crust and the risks that the CO2 might leak, the biggest problem with the scheme is finding a material that could selectively snatch the molecule out of the hot mess of gases going up the flues of fossil fuel plants. That's where two classes of special cage-like molecules come into play, ZIFs and amines. This year, Omar Yaghi, a chemist at UCLA, announced a slough of new CO2-capturing ZIFs and Chris Jones, a chemical engineer at Georgia Tech, reported that he'd made a new amine that seems particularly well-suited to working under real-world condition. Both materials could eventually make capturing CO2 easier -- and therefore, more cost effective. Perhaps better still, Yaghi's lab's technique also defined a new process for quickly creating new ZIFs with the properties that scientists — and coal-plant operators — want. Some of their crystals are shown in the image above. (Image: Omar Yaghi and Rahul Banerjee/UCLA) 8. GREEN TECH LEGISLATION GETS REAL On the federal and state levels, several historic actions put the teeth into green tech bills passed over the last few years. A review committee of the EPA effectively froze coal plant construction, a boon to alternative energy (though earlier this month the EPA ignored the committee's ruling and it is unclear how the issue will be settled). In California, the state unveiled and approved its plan to regulate carbon dioxide emissions, which could be a model for a nationwide system. Combined with the green-energy tax credits in the $700-billion bailout bill, the government did more for green tech in 2008 than in whole decades in the past. 7. THE CATALYST THAT COULD ENABLE SOLAR In July, MIT chemist Daniel Nocera announced that he'd created a catalyst that could drop the cost of extracting the hydrogen and oxygen from water. Combined with cheap photovoltaic solar panels (like Nanosolar's), the system could lead to inexpensive, simple systems that use water to store the energy from sunlight. In the process, the scientists may have cleared the major roadblock on the long road to fossil fuel independence: Reducing the on-again, off-again nature of many renewable power sources. "You've made your house into a fuel station," Daniel Nocera, a chemistry professor at MIT told Wired.com. "I've gotten rid of all the goddamn grids." The catalyst enables the electrolysis system to function efficiently at room temperature and at ordinary pressure. Like a reverse fuel cell, it splits water into oxygen and hydrogen. By recombining the molecules with a standard fuel cell, the O2 and H2 could then be used to generate energy on demand. 6. PICKENS PLAN PUSHES POWER PLAYS INTO AMERICAN MAINSTREAM Texas oilman T. Boone Pickens might be a lot of things, but environmentalist he is not. That's why his support for a nationwide network of wind farms generated so much excitement. While his solution for transportation, natural gas vehicles, may not pan out, his Pickens Plan is the most visible alternative energy plan out there and it began to channel support from outside coastal cities for finding new sources of energy. Of course, no one said Pickens is stupid. If his plan was adopted and major investments in transmission infrastructure were made, his wind energy investments would stand to benefit. 5. SOLAR THERMAL PLANTS RETURN TO THE DESERTS When most people think of harnessing the sun's power, they imagine a solar photovoltatic panel, which directly converts light from the sun into electricity. But an older technology emerged as a leading city-scale power technology in 2008: solar thermal. Companies like Ausra, BrightSource, eSolar, Solel, and a host of others are using sunlight-reflecting mirrors to turn liquids into steam, which can drive a turbine in the same way that coal-fired power plants make electricity. Two companies, BrightSource and Ausra, debuted their pilot plants. They mark the first serious solar thermal experimentation in the United States since the 1980s. BrightSource's Israeli demo plant is shown above. (Image: BrightSource) 4. OBAMA PICKS A GREEN TECH EXPERT TO HEAD DOE President-elect Barack Obama ran on the promise of green jobs and an economic stimulus package that would provide support for scientific innovation. Then, Obama picked Steven Chu, a Nobel-prize winning physicist, to head the Department of Energy. Chu had been focused on turning Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory into an alternative-energy powerhouse. The green tech community rejoiced that one of their own would be in the White House. That's because green tech is going to need some help. With the world economy falling into recession, the price of oil has dropped, even though there are serious concerns about the long-term oil supply. When energy prices drop, clean tech investments don't seem quite as attractive, and the renascent industry could be in trouble. It's happened before, after all. Back in the '70s, geopolitical events sent the price of oil soaring, which, as it tends to, created a boom in green tech. But the early 1980s saw the worst recession since the Depression. Sound familiar? In the poor economic climate, focus and funds were shifted away from green tech. The last nail in the coffin was the election of Ronald Reagan, who immediately pulled off the solar panels Jimmy Carter had placed on the White House. The green tech industry collapsed. History has given U.S. alternative energy research a second chance and environmental advocates hope that a different president will lead to a very different result. (Image: DOE) 3. SOLAR CELL PRODUCTION GETS BIG, GIGA(WATT)BIG Every clean tech advocate's dream is a power-generating technology that could compete head-to-head with coal, the cheapest fossil fuel, on price alone. Nanosolar, one of a new generation of companies building solar panels out of cheap plastics, could be the first company to get there. Early this year, the company officially opened its one-gigawatt production facility, which is many times the size of most previous solar facilities. Nanosolar, in other words, has found a process that can scale: it works as well in production as it does in the lab. That's the main reason that the company has picked up half-a-billion dollars in funding from investors like MDV's Erik Straser. "[It's the] first time in industry a single tool with a 1GW throughput," Straser wrote in an e-mail. "It's a key part of how the company is achieving grid parity with coal." 2. PROJECT BETTER PLACE FINDS HOMES Green technologies are dime a dozen, but a business model that could allow an entirely new, green infrastructure to be built is a rare thing. Doing just that is the centerpiece of ~~Sun Microsystems'~~ SAP veteran Shai Agassi's vision for Project Better Place, a scheme that would distribute charging and swappable battery stations throughout smallish geographies like Israel, Hawaii and San Francisco. So far, there's very little steel in the ground, but in early December, the company's first charging location opened in Tel Aviv, Israel. Agassi's plan is one of several projects — like new biofuels rail terminals — that could create fundamentally new energy ecosystems. Some of these systems, however, are actually throwbacks to earlier eras. As Peter Shulman, a historian of technology at Case Western Reserve University, likes to remind his students: in the early 20th century, before the Model T, one-third of all cars were electric. (Image: Joe Puglies/WIRED) 1. CALERA'S GREEN CEMENT DEMO PLANT OPENS Cement? With all the whiz bang technologies in green technology, cement seems like an odd pick for our top clean technology of the year. But here's the reason: making cement — and many other materials — takes a lot of heat and that heat comes from fossil fuels. Calera's technology, like that of many green chemistry companies, works more like Jell-O setting. By employing catalysis instead of heat, it reduces the energy cost per ton of cement. And in this process, CO2 is an input, not an output. So, instead of producing a ton of carbon dioxide per ton of cement made — as is the case with old-school Portland cement — half a ton of carbon dioxide can be sequestered. With more than 2.3 billion tons of cement produced each year, reversing the carbon-balance of the world's cement would be a solution that's the scale of the world's climate change problem. notebook A netbook (a portmanteau of Internet and notebook) is a class of laptop computer designed for wireless communication and access to the Internet.^[1] Primarily designed for web browsing and e-mailing, netbooks rely heavily on the Internet for remote access to web-based applications"^[2] and are targeted increasingly at cloud computing users who require a less powerful client computer.^[3] Netbooks typically run either Linux or Windows XP operating systems^[2] rather than more resource-intensive operating systems like Windows Vista.^[4] The devices range in size from below 5 inches^[5] to over 13,^[6] typically weigh 2 to 3 pounds (~1 kg) and are often significantly cheaper than general purpose laptops.^[2]

Agency overview
Department of Science and Technology Kagawaran ng Agham at Teknolohiya

Formed	January 30, 1987
Headquarters	DOST Bldg. Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig
Annual budget	P3.511 billion (2007)^[1]
Agency executive	Estrella F. Alabastro, Secretary of Science and Technology
Child agencies	Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
Website
http://www.dost.gov.ph/

Alona

Green Technology Goals

Top 10 Green-Tech Breakthroughs of 2008

The Top 10 Green-Tech Breakthroughs of 2008

In vitro fertilisation

Method

[edit] Ovarian stimulation

[edit] Egg retrieval

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[edit] Ovarian tissue cryopreservation

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Suleman octuplets

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Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)

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DOST agency eyes more commercially viable RP patents

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